Product Overview
Malic Acid is a naturally occurring organic acid found in many fruits, notably apples. It is a white crystalline powder with a pleasant sour taste and is widely used as an acidulant, flavor enhancer, and preservative in the food, beverage, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Malic Acid contributes to the tartness and freshness of products and helps maintain stability and shelf life.
Chemical and Physical Properties
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Chemical Formula: C4H6O5
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Molecular Weight: 134.09 g/mol
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Appearance: White crystalline powder
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Purity: Typically ≥ 99%
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Solubility: Highly soluble in water
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Taste: Pleasant, tart, and refreshing sourness
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Melting Point: 100-103°C
Applications and Functional Benefits
Malic Acid is commonly used for:
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Acidification and pH control in beverages, dairy products, and confectionery
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Enhancing sourness and flavor balance in fruit juices and candies
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Acting as a preservative to inhibit microbial growth and extend shelf life
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Buffering agent in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics
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Improving texture and mouthfeel in processed foods
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Contributing to the tartness in wine and cider production
Its natural origin and excellent solubility make it ideal for clean-label and health-conscious products.
Quality Specifications
| Parameter | Specification | Typical Result |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | White crystalline powder | Complies |
| Purity (Assay) | ≥ 99.0% | 99.5% |
| Moisture Content | ≤ 0.5% | 0.3% |
| pH (1% Solution) | 2.0 – 2.8 | 2.5 |
| Heavy Metals (Lead) | ≤ 5 ppm | < 2 ppm |
| Residue on Ignition | ≤ 0.1% | 0.05% |
| Solubility | Soluble in water | Complies |
Sensory Profile
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Appearance: White crystalline powder
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Odor: Odorless
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Taste: Tart, refreshing, and pleasant sourness
Packaging and Storage
Malic Acid is usually packaged in moisture-proof 25 kg bags or drums. It should be stored in a cool, dry place, protected from moisture and contamination, to maintain quality. Typical shelf life is 2 years when stored properly.
Regulatory Status
Malic Acid is approved by FDA, EFSA, JECFA, and other international regulatory bodies. It is Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) and widely accepted in food, beverage, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic applications.
Conclusion
Malic Acid is a natural and effective acidulant that enhances flavor and preserves freshness in a wide variety of products. Its excellent purity, solubility, and sensory characteristics make it an indispensable ingredient in modern food and beverage formulations.
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