Product Overview
Citric Acid Monohydrate is the hydrated form of citric acid, containing one molecule of water per molecule of acid. It appears as a white crystalline powder and is widely used as an acidulant, preservative, and flavor enhancer in food, beverage, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Its stable crystalline form and excellent solubility make it a preferred choice in many applications.
Chemical and Physical Properties
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Chemical Formula: C6H8O7·H2O
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Molecular Weight: 210.14 g/mol
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Appearance: White crystalline powder
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Purity: Typically ≥ 99.0%
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Moisture Content: Approximately 7-8%
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Solubility: Highly soluble in water
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Taste: Tart and sour, characteristic citrus flavor
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Melting Point: 100-103°C (decomposes)
Applications and Benefits
Citric Acid Monohydrate is commonly used for:
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Adjusting pH and providing tartness in beverages, dairy products, and canned foods
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Acting as a natural preservative to extend shelf life
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Enhancing flavor profiles in confectionery and snacks
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Serving as a chelating agent in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics
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Buffering and acidifying agent in cleaning products
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Facilitating antioxidant effects in food and cosmetic formulations
Its hydrated form provides stability and ease of handling in various industrial processes.
Quality Specifications
| Parameter | Specification | Typical Result |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | White crystalline powder | Complies |
| Purity (Assay) | ≥ 99.0% | 99.2% |
| Moisture Content | 6.5% – 8.0% | 7.2% |
| pH (5% Solution) | 1.8 – 2.2 | 2.0 |
| Heavy Metals (Lead) | ≤ 5 ppm | < 2 ppm |
| Residue on Ignition | ≤ 0.1% | 0.06% |
| Solubility | Soluble in water | Complies |
Sensory Profile
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Appearance: White crystalline powder
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Odor: Odorless
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Taste: Tart, refreshing citrus flavor
Packaging and Storage
Citric Acid Monohydrate is typically supplied in moisture-proof 25 kg bags. It should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place, protected from moisture and contamination to maintain quality. Shelf life is generally 2 years under proper storage.
Regulatory Approval
Citric Acid Monohydrate is recognized as safe and approved by FDA, EFSA, JECFA, and other global food safety authorities for use in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.
Conclusion
Citric Acid Monohydrate offers versatile acidifying and preservative functions with added stability due to its hydration. Its purity and characteristic citrus flavor make it an essential ingredient for improving taste, safety, and shelf life in a wide range of products.
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